'All happy families are more or less
dissimilar; all unhappy ones are more or less alike,' says a great Russian
writer in the beginning of a famous novel (Anna Arkadievitch Karenina,
transfigured into English by R. G. Stonelower, Mount Tabor Ltd., 1880). That
pronouncement has little if any relation to the story to be unfolded now, a
family chronicle, the first part of which is, perhaps, closer to another Tolstoy
work, Detstvo i Otrochestvo (Childhood and Fatherland, Pontius
Press, 1858). (1.1)
Darkbloom ('Notes to Ada'): All
happy families etc: mistranslations of Russian classics are ridiculed here. The
opening sentence of Tolstoy's novel is turned inside out and Anna Arkadievna's
patronymic given an absurd masculine ending, while an incorrect feminine one is
added to her surname. 'Mount Tabor' and 'Pontius' allude to the transfigurations
(Mr G. Steiner's term, I believe) and betrayals to which great texts are
subjected by pretentious and ignorant versionists.
The miracle of transfiguration and Mount Tabor are also
mentioned in Pasternak's poem "August" included in "The Poems of Yuri
Zhivago:"
Как обещало, не обманывая,
Проникло солнце
утром рано
Косою полосой шафрановою
От занавеси до дивана.
Оно
покрыло жаркой охрою
Соседний лес, дома посёлка,
Мою постель, подушку
мокрую,
И край стены за книжной полкой.
Я вспомнил, по какому
поводу
Слегка увлажнена подушка.
Мне снилось, что ко мне на проводы
Шли
по лесу вы друг за дружкой.
Вы шли толпою, врозь и парами,
Вдруг
кто-то вспомнил, что сегодня
Шестое августа по старому,
Преображение
Господне.
Обыкновенно свет без пламени
Исходит в этот день с
Фавора,
И осень, ясная, как знаменье,
К себе приковывает взоры.
И
вы прошли сквозь мелкий, нищенский,
Нагой, трепещущий ольшаник
В
имбирно-красный лес кладбищенский,
Горевший, как печатный пряник.
С
притихшими его вершинами
Соседствовало небо важно,
И голосами
петушиными
Перекликалась даль протяжно.
В лесу казённой
землемершею
Стояла смерть среди погоста,
Смотря в лицо моё
умершее,
Чтоб вырыть яму мне по росту.
Был всеми ощутим
физически
Спокойный голос чей-то рядом.
То прежний голос мой
провидческий
Звучал, не тронутый распадом:
«Прощай, лазурь
преображенская
И золото второго Спаса
Смягчи последней лаской
женскою
Мне горечь рокового часа.
Прощайте, годы
безвременщины,
Простимся, бездне унижений
Бросающая вызов женщина!
Я —
поле твоего сражения.
Прощай, размах крыла расправленный,
Полёта
вольное упорство,
И образ мира, в слове явленный,
И творчество, и
чудотворство».
As promised and without deception,
The sun passed through
in early morning
In a slanting saffron stripe
From the curtain to the
sofa.
It covered with burning ochre
The neighboring woods, village
houses,
My bed, the wet pillow
And the strip of wall behind the
bookshelf.
I remembered for what reason
The pillow was slightly
damp.
I dreamed that you were coming to my wake,
One after another through
the woods.
You were coming in a crowd, in ones and twos,
Suddenly,
someone remembered that it was
August sixth by the old calendar,
The
Transfiguration of Christ.
Usually, a light without fire
Pours this
day from Mt. Tabor
And autumn, clear as an omen,
Compels the gaze of
all.
And you walked through the scant, beggarly
Naked trembling alder
grove
Into the ginger-red cemetery woods,
Burning like glazed ginger
bread.
A solemn sky verged
Upon its silent heights,
And distance
called out
In drawling rooster voices.
In the woods, among the
gravestones
Death stood like a government surveyor,
Looking at my dead
face
To dig my grave to measure.
All sensed the presence
Of
someone's calm voice nearby.
It was my old prophetic voice
That rang,
untouched by decay:
"Farewell to the azure of Transfiguration
And the
gold of the Second coming.
Soothe the woe of my fatal hour
With a woman's
parting caress.
Farewell to the trackless years!
Let's say goodbye, o,
woman who hurls
A challenge to the abyss of humiliation.
I am your
battlefield.
Farewell to you unfurled wing-span,
Free, persistent
flight,
The world's image, captured in a word,
Creative work, and
miracle-working.
1953
R. G. Stonelower blends George Steiner with Robert
Lowell, but also seems to hint at Nikifor Lapis-Trubetskoy, the poet in Ilf
and Petrov's "The Twelve Chairs" (1928). The author of verses about Gavrila
(Gabriel) and the phrase "the waves rolled across the pier and fell
headlong below like a jack [stremitel'nym domkratom]," Lapis (whose
name means in Latin "stone") is nicknamed Lapsus by Persitski.
The father of the twins Aqua and Marina, General Ivan Durmanov
was the Commander of Yukon Fortress (1.1). The Trubetskoy bastion is one of
the six bastions of the Peter-and-Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg. In his old
age General Ivan Nabokov (the brother of VN's
great-grandfather Nikolay Aleksandrovich Nabokov) was its commander
(Speak, Memory, p. 43).
Alexey Sklyarenko