Dr. Blagovo (1867-1940) had married at the
age of forty a provincial belle in the Volgan town of Kineshma, a few miles
south from one of my most romanic country estates, famous for its wild ravines,
now gravel pits or places of massacre, but then magnificent evocations of sunken
gardens. (LATH, 2.8)
A namesake of Vadim's second wife Annette Blagovo (Dr.
Blagovo's daughter), Anyuta Blagovo is a character in Chekhov's Moya Zhizn'.
Rasskaz provintsiala ("My Life. A Provincial's Story",
1896)
In a letter of April 23, 1890, to his sister in
Moscow Chekhov, who was heading for Sakhalin (the site of
Russian penal colonies), mentions a romantic ravine near
Kineshma:
Kundasova* is travelling with me. Where she is going and with
what object I don't know. When I question her about it, she launches off into
extremely misty allusions about someone who has appointed a tryst with her in a
ravine near Kineshma... We have passed both Kineshma and the ravine, but she
still goes on in the steamer...
Kostroma is a nice town. I saw Plyos where the languid Levitan
used to live.** I saw Kineshma, where I walked along the boulevard and watched
the local beaus... The chemist, on seeing Olga Petrovna, was overcome
with delight and confusion; she was the same. They were evidently old
acquaintances, and judging from the conversation between them they had walked
more than once about the ravines near Kineshma.
...Very beautiful are the steam-tugs, dragging after them four
or five barges each; they look like some fine young intellectual trying to run
away while a plebeian wife, mother-in-law, sister-in-law, and wife's grandmother
hold on to his coat-tails... (Chekhov wrote this letter onboard the steamer
Alexander Nevsky that brought him from Yaroslavl to Perm.)
On his way back from Sakhalin six months later Chekhov visited
Ceylon:
"Next after it [Singapore] comes Ceylon—an earthly Paradise.
There in that Paradise I went more than a hundred versts on the railway and
gazed at palm forests and bronze women to my heart's content...." (from
Chekhov's letter of December 9, 1890, to Suvorin)
"I have been in Hell, which is Sakhalin, and in
Paradise, which is the island of Ceylon!" (from Chekhov's letter of December 10,
1890, to Leontiev-Shcheglov)
"Ceylon and Jamaica, the sibling islands," are mentioned in
LATH's last sentence. Speaking of girls and islands in LATH, note the
bermudki, as Ninel Langley indecently calls two ravishing
wiggly-bottomed Bermudian coeds who help Annette Blagovo in the
kitchen and minister to Vadim's humble needs (2.2).
VN's poem Rasstrel ("The Military Execution", 1927)
ends in the lines:
Rossiya, zvyozdy, noch' rasstrela
i ves' v cheryomukhe ovrag!
(Russia, stars, the night of execution
and the ravine overgrown with bird-cherry trees in
bloom!)
"Gravel pits" remind one of ugol'naya yama (the coal
pit) in VN's poem Otvyazhis', ya tebya umolyayu!... ("To Russia,"
1939):
Но зато, о Россия, сквозь слёзы,
сквозь траву
двух несмежных могил,
сквозь дрожащие пятна берёзы,
сквозь все то, чем я
смолоду жил,
дорогими
слепыми глазами
не смотри на меня, пожалей,
не ищи в этой угольной
яме,
не нащупывай жизни моей!
Slyozy (tears) in this poem and zvyozdy
(stars) in Rasstrel bring to mind Vadim's lines in LATH
(2.3):
Zvezdoobraznost' nebesnyh
zvyozd
Vidish' tol'ko skvoz'
slyozy...
(Heavenly stars are seen as
stellate
only through tears.)
Nebesnyy is one of the names Vadim tries on striving to
remember his surname:
Yes, I definitely felt my family name
began with an N and bore an odious resemblance to the surname or pseudonym of a
presumably notorious (Notorov? No) Bulgarian, or Babylonian, or, maybe,
Betelgeusian writer with whom scatterbrained émigrés from some other galaxy
constantly confused me; but whether it was something on the lines of Nebesnyy or
Nabedrin or Nablidze (Nablidze? Funny) I simply could not
tell. (7.3)
Betelgeuse is a first-magnitude star in the constellation
Orion. Vadim suspects that his real father is his
benefactor, Nikifor Starov. Is Annette Blagovo Nikifor
Starov's daughter? (Btw., Chekhov was forty one when he married Olga Knipper, a
leading actress of the Moscow Art Theatre. They had no children.) The Troitski
Cathedral of the Alexander Nevsky monastery in St. Petersburg was built by Ivan
Starov.
*nicknamed by Chekhov and Suvorin astronomka (the
lady astronomer)
**see Levitan's paintings Plyos (1889) and
Tikhaya obitel' (Quiet Abode, 1890)
Alexey Sklyarenko