From Gorky's The Life of
Klim Samgin (Part One, chapter two):
- Мужчина, который уступает женщину другому,
конечно, - тряпка.
Клим поправил очки и поучительно напомнил:
- Однако,
если взять историю отношений Герцена...
- Краснобая "С того берега"? -
спросила Лидия.
("The man who gives up a woman to his rival is certainly
a milksop."
Klim adjusted his spectacles and said
instructively:
"But if we take the story of Herzen's
relationships..."
"Of the rhetoritian From Another Shore? - asked
Lidiya.)
One of the first Russian émigrés, A. I.
Herzen (1812-70) is the author of S togo berega
(From Another Shore, 1850). In Byloe i dumy (The Bygones and
Meditations) Herzen (the son of Ivan Yakovlev, a
rich Muscovite, and Luisa Haag, a young woman from
Stuttgart) tells the stroy of his first cousin Natalie who became his
first wife. In emigration Natalie fell in love with the German poet
Georg Herwegh and nearly left her husband (who had just lost his son
Kolya, a deaf mute child, and his old mother in a shipwreck*). A few
years after Natalie's death Herzen married the former wife of his best
friend Nikolay Ogaryov. Herzen and his second wife briefly appear in Chapter
Four of The Gift.
According to Dahl, krasnobay (rhetoritian) is
govorun, rasskazchik, shutnik (talker, story-teller, joker). After the
1917 Revolution the Bolshaya Morskaya Street in St. Petersburg (where VN was
born in 1899) was renamed Herzen Street (see Speak, Memory, the
first photograph and capture between pp. 106-107). The Russian title of VN's
memoirs is Drugie berega (Other Shores). Inye berega, inye
volny (other shores, other waves) are evoked by Pushkin in
his poem Vnov' ya posetil... ("I revisited again..."
1835)
A namesake of Gorky's Samgin, Baron Klim Avidov gave Marina's
children (Van, Ada and Lucette) a set of Flavita (Russian Scrabble,
Ada, 1.36). Flavita = alfavit (uss., alphabet), Baron Klim
Avidov = Vladimir Nabokov, Klim = milk = Kim + L (Kim is Kim Beauharnais,**
the kitchen boy at Ardis). Incidentally, Baron is a character in Gorky's play
Na dne (At the Bottom, 1902). See also my article Krasnyi
vymysel v "Ade" Nabokova i v "Zhizni Klima Samgina" Gor'kogo ("Fair
Invention in Nabokov's Ada and Gorky's Life of Klim Samgin")
in The Nabokovian # 58 (Spring 2007).
*see Oceano Nox, a heart-rending chapter in The
Bygones and Meditations
**Josephine de Beauharnais was Napoleon's first wife. When
Napoleon's army occupied Moscow, the five-month-old Herzen and his parents
remained in the city. Napoleon allowed the family to leave the burning city
after the boy's father had promised to deliver the letter from the
French emperor to tsar Alexander I. In Chapter Ten of Eugene
Onegin Pushkin mentions "not our cooks who plucked the two-headed
eagle near Bonaparte's tent." Btw., Herzen is also mentioned in Dostoevski's
novel Podrostok (The Adolescent, 1875). In my article Grattez le
Tartar... (The Nabokovian ## 59, 60) I argue that Ada's Kim
Beauharnais is a son of Arkadiy Dolgorukiy, the hero and narrator in
Podrostok.
Alexey Sklyarenko